---

name: springboot-verification description: "Spring Boot项目的验证循环：构建、静态分析、带覆盖率的测试、安全扫描和发布或PR前的差异审查。" origin: ECC

Spring Boot验证循环

在PR之前、重大变更之后和部署前运行。

何时激活

• 在为Spring Boot服务打开拉取请求之前
• 在重大重构或依赖升级之后
• 预部署验证（暂存或生产环境）
• 运行完整的构建 → 检查 → 测试 → 安全扫描管线
• 验证测试覆盖率是否达到阈值

阶段1：构建

mvn -T 4 clean verify -DskipTests
# or
./gradlew clean assemble -x test

如果构建失败，停止并修复。

阶段2：静态分析

Maven（常用插件）：

mvn -T 4 spotbugs:check pmd:check checkstyle:check

Gradle（如已配置）：

./gradlew checkstyleMain pmdMain spotbugsMain

阶段3：测试 + 覆盖率

mvn -T 4 test
mvn jacoco:report   # verify 80%+ coverage
# or
./gradlew test jacocoTestReport

报告：

• 总测试数、通过/失败
• 覆盖率%（行/分支）

单元测试

使用模拟依赖隔离测试服务逻辑：

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class UserServiceTest {

  @Mock private UserRepository userRepository;
  @InjectMocks private UserService userService;

  @Test
  void createUser_validInput_returnsUser() {
    var dto = new CreateUserDto("Alice", "alice@example.com");
    var expected = new User(1L, "Alice", "alice@example.com");
    when(userRepository.save(any(User.class))).thenReturn(expected);

    var result = userService.create(dto);

    assertThat(result.name()).isEqualTo("Alice");
    verify(userRepository).save(any(User.class));
  }

  @Test
  void createUser_duplicateEmail_throwsException() {
    var dto = new CreateUserDto("Alice", "existing@example.com");
    when(userRepository.existsByEmail(dto.email())).thenReturn(true);

    assertThatThrownBy(() -> userService.create(dto))
        .isInstanceOf(DuplicateEmailException.class);
  }
}

使用Testcontainers的集成测试

针对真实数据库测试而非H2：

@SpringBootTest
@Testcontainers
class UserRepositoryIntegrationTest {

  @Container
  static PostgreSQLContainer<?> postgres = new PostgreSQLContainer<>("postgres:16-alpine")
      .withDatabaseName("testdb");

  @DynamicPropertySource
  static void configureProperties(DynamicPropertyRegistry registry) {
    registry.add("spring.datasource.url", postgres::getJdbcUrl);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.username", postgres::getUsername);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.password", postgres::getPassword);
  }

  @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository;

  @Test
  void findByEmail_existingUser_returnsUser() {
    userRepository.save(new User("Alice", "alice@example.com"));

    var found = userRepository.findByEmail("alice@example.com");

    assertThat(found).isPresent();
    assertThat(found.get().getName()).isEqualTo("Alice");
  }
}

使用MockMvc的API测试

使用完整Spring上下文测试控制器层：

@WebMvcTest(UserController.class)
class UserControllerTest {

  @Autowired private MockMvc mockMvc;
  @MockBean private UserService userService;

  @Test
  void createUser_validInput_returns201() throws Exception {
    var user = new UserDto(1L, "Alice", "alice@example.com");
    when(userService.create(any())).thenReturn(user);

    mockMvc.perform(post("/api/users")
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content("""
                {"name": "Alice", "email": "alice@example.com"}
                """))
        .andExpect(status().isCreated())
        .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name").value("Alice"));
  }

  @Test
  void createUser_invalidEmail_returns400() throws Exception {
    mockMvc.perform(post("/api/users")
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content("""
                {"name": "Alice", "email": "not-an-email"}
                """))
        .andExpect(status().isBadRequest());
  }
}

阶段4：安全扫描

# Dependency CVEs
mvn org.owasp:dependency-check-maven:check
# or
./gradlew dependencyCheckAnalyze

# Secrets in source
grep -rn "password\s*=\s*\"" src/ --include="*.java" --include="*.yml" --include="*.properties"
grep -rn "sk-\|api_key\|secret" src/ --include="*.java" --include="*.yml"

# Secrets (git history)
git secrets --scan  # if configured

常见安全发现

# Check for System.out.println (use logger instead)
grep -rn "System\.out\.print" src/main/ --include="*.java"

# Check for raw exception messages in responses
grep -rn "e\.getMessage()" src/main/ --include="*.java"

# Check for wildcard CORS
grep -rn "allowedOrigins.*\*" src/main/ --include="*.java"

阶段5：代码检查/格式化（可选门控）

mvn spotless:apply   # if using Spotless plugin
./gradlew spotlessApply

阶段6：差异审查

git diff --stat
git diff