---

name: azure-storage-blob-ts description: Azure Blob Storage JavaScript/TypeScript SDK (@azure/storage-blob) 用于 Blob 操作。用于上传、下载、列举和管理 Blob 及容器。 risk: unknown source: community date_added: '2026-02-27'

@azure/storage-blob (TypeScript/JavaScript)

用于 Azure Blob Storage 操作的 SDK — 上传、下载、列举和管理 Blob 及容器。

安装

npm install @azure/storage-blob @azure/identity

当前版本: 12.x
Node.js: >= 18.0.0

环境变量

AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME=<account-name>
AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_KEY=<account-key>
# 或连接字符串
AZURE_STORAGE_CONNECTION_STRING=DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=...

认证

DefaultAzureCredential（推荐）

import { BlobServiceClient } from "@azure/storage-blob";
import { DefaultAzureCredential } from "@azure/identity";

const accountName = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME!;
const client = new BlobServiceClient(
  \`https://\${accountName}.blob.core.windows.net\`,
  new DefaultAzureCredential()
);

连接字符串

import { BlobServiceClient } from "@azure/storage-blob";

const client = BlobServiceClient.fromConnectionString(
  process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_CONNECTION_STRING!
);

StorageSharedKeyCredential（仅 Node.js）

import { BlobServiceClient, StorageSharedKeyCredential } from "@azure/storage-blob";

const accountName = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME!;
const accountKey = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_KEY!;

const sharedKeyCredential = new StorageSharedKeyCredential(accountName, accountKey);
const client = new BlobServiceClient(
  \`https://\${accountName}.blob.core.windows.net\`,
  sharedKeyCredential
);

SAS 令牌

import { BlobServiceClient } from "@azure/storage-blob";

const accountName = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT_NAME!;
const sasToken = process.env.AZURE_STORAGE_SAS_TOKEN!; // 以 "?" 开头

const client = new BlobServiceClient(
  \`https://\${accountName}.blob.core.windows.net\${sasToken}\`
);

客户端层级结构

BlobServiceClient（账户级别）
└── ContainerClient（容器级别）
    └── BlobClient（Blob 级别）
        ├── BlockBlobClient（块 Blob - 最常用）
        ├── AppendBlobClient（追加 Blob）
        └── PageBlobClient（页 Blob - VHD）

容器操作

创建容器

const containerClient = client.getContainerClient("my-container");
await containerClient.create();

// 或不存在时创建
await containerClient.createIfNotExists();

列举容器

for await (const container of client.listContainers()) {
  console.log(container.name);
}

// 带前缀过滤
for await (const container of client.listContainers({ prefix: "logs-" })) {
  console.log(container.name);
}

删除容器

await containerClient.delete();
// 或存在时删除
await containerClient.deleteIfExists();

Blob 操作

上传 Blob（简单方式）

const containerClient = client.getContainerClient("my-container");
const blockBlobClient = containerClient.getBlockBlobClient("my-file.txt");

// 上传字符串
await blockBlobClient.upload("Hello, World!", 13);

// 上传 Buffer
const buffer = Buffer.from("Hello, World!");
await blockBlobClient.upload(buffer, buffer.length);

从文件上传（仅 Node.js）

const blockBlobClient = containerClient.getBlockBlobClient("uploaded-file.txt");
await blockBlobClient.uploadFile("/path/to/local/file.txt");

从流上传（仅 Node.js）

import * as fs from "fs";

const blockBlobClient = containerClient.getBlockBlobClient("streamed-file.txt");
const readStream = fs.createReadStream("/path/to/local/file.txt");

await blockBlobClient.uploadStream(readStream, 4 * 1024 * 1024, 5, {
  // bufferSize: 4MB, maxConcurrency: 5
  onProgress: (progress) => console.log(\`Uploaded \${progress.loadedBytes} bytes\`),
});

从浏览器上传

const blockBlobClient = containerClient.getBlockBlobClient("browser-upload.txt");

// 从 File 输入
const fileInput = document.getElementById("fileInput") as HTMLInputElement;
const file = fileInput.files![0];
await blockBlobClient.uploadData(file);

// 从 Blob/ArrayBuffer
const arrayBuffer = new ArrayBuffer(1024);
await blockBlobClient.uploadData(arrayBuffer);

下载 Blob

const blobClient = containerClient.getBlobClient("my-file.txt");
const downloadResponse = await blobClient.download();

// 读取为字符串（浏览器和 Node.js）
const downloaded = await streamToText(downloadResponse.readableStreamBody!);

async function streamToText(readable: NodeJS.ReadableStream): Promise<string> {
  const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
  for await (const chunk of readable) {
    chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
  }
  return Buffer.concat(chunks).toS