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name: playwright-java description: "Scaffold, write, debug, and enhance enterprise-grade Playwright E2E tests in Java using Page Object Model, JUnit 5, Allure reporting, and parallel execution." category: test-automation risk: safe source: community date_added: "2025-03-08" author: amalsam18 tags: [playwright, java, e2e-testing, junit5, page-object-model, allure, selenium-alternative] tools: [claude, cursor,antigravity]

Playwright Java – Advanced Test Automation

Overview

This skill produces production-quality, enterprise-grade Playwright Java test code. It enforces the Page Object Model (POM), strict locator strategies, thread-safe parallel execution, and full Allure reporting integration. Targets Java 17+ and Playwright 1.44+.

Supporting reference files are available for deeper topics:

| Topic | File | |-------|------| | Maven POM, ConfigReader, Docker/CI setup | references/config.md | | Component pattern, dropdowns, uploads, waits | references/page-objects.md | | Full assertion API, soft assertions, visual testing | references/assertions.md | | Fixtures, test data factory, auth state, retry | references/fixtures.md | | Drop-in base class templates | templates/BaseTest.java, templates/BasePage.java |

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When to Use This Skill

• Use when scaffolding a new Playwright Java project from scratch
• Use when writing Page Object classes or JUnit 5 test classes
• Use when the user asks about cross-browser testing, parallel execution, or Allure reports
• Use when fixing flaky tests or replacing Thread.sleep() with proper waits
• Use when setting up Playwright in CI/CD pipelines (GitHub Actions, Jenkins, Docker)
• Use when combining API calls and UI assertions in a single test (hybrid testing)
• Use when the user mentions "POM pattern", "BrowserContext", "Playwright fixtures", or "traces"

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How It Works

Step 1: Decide the Approach

Use this matrix to pick the right pattern before writing any code:

| User Request | Approach | |---|---| | New project from scratch | Full scaffold — see references/config.md | | Single feature test | POM page class + JUnit5 test class | | API + UI hybrid | APIRequestContext alongside Page | | Cross-browser | @MethodSource parameterized over browser names | | Flaky test fix | Replace sleep with waitFor / waitForResponse | | CI integration | playwright install --with-deps in pipeline | | Parallel execution | junit-platform.properties + ThreadLocal | | Rich reporting | Allure + Playwright trace + video recording |

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Step 2: Scaffold the Project Structure

Always use this layout when creating a new project:

src/
├── test/
│   ├── java/com/company/tests/
│   │   ├── base/
│   │   │   ├── BaseTest.java        ← templates/BaseTest.java
│   │   │   └── BasePage.java        ← templates/BasePage.java
│   │   ├── pages/
│   │   │   └── LoginPage.java
│   │   ├── tests/
│   │   │   └── LoginTest.java
│   │   ├── utils/
│   │   │   ├── TestDataFactory.java
│   │   │   └── WaitUtils.java
│   │   └── config/
│   │       └── ConfigReader.java
│   └── resources/
│       ├── test.properties
│       ├── junit-platform.properties
│       └── testdata/users.json
pom.xml

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Step 3: Set Up Thread-Safe BaseTest

public class BaseTest {
    protected static ThreadLocal<Playwright>     playwrightTL = new ThreadLocal<>();
    protected static ThreadLocal<Browser>        browserTL    = new ThreadLocal<>();
    protected static ThreadLocal<BrowserContext> contextTL    = new ThreadLocal<>();
    protected static ThreadLocal<Page>           pageTL       = new ThreadLocal<>();

    protected Page page() { return pageTL.get(); }

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        Playwright playwright = Playwright.create();
        playwrightTL.set(playwright);

        Browser browser = resolveBrowser(playwright).launch(
            new BrowserType.LaunchOptions()
                .setHeadless(ConfigReader.isHeadless()));
        browserTL.set(browser);

        BrowserContext context = browser.newContext(new Browser.NewContextOptions()
            .setViewportSize(1920, 1080)
            .setRecordVideoDir(Paths.get("target/videos/"))
            .setLocale("en-US"));
        context.tracing().start(new Tracing.StartOptions()
            .setScreenshots(true).setSnapshots(true));
        contextTL.set(context);
        pageTL.set(context.newPage());
    }

    @AfterEach
    void tearDown(TestInfo testInfo) {
        String name = testInfo.getDisplayName().replaceAll("[^a-zA-Z0-9]", "_");
        contextTL.get().tracing().stop(new Tracing.StopOptions()
            .setPath(Paths.get("target/traces/" + name + ".zip")));
        pageTL.get().close();
        contextTL.get().close();
        browserTL.get().close();
        playwrightTL.get().close();
    }

    private BrowserType resolveBrowser(Playwright pw) {
        return switch (System.getProperty("browser", "chromium").toLowerCase()) {
            case "firefox" -> pw.fi